Standards & Directives
The regulatory landscape affecting BESS projects in Europe. Each regulation hits different stakeholders differently — use the Compliance Navigator to see exactly what applies to your role and country.
NIS2 Directive — Cybersecurity
The EU's cybersecurity directive for critical infrastructure. Energy is classified as a sector of high criticality. BESS operators providing energy storage services are in scope. Management is personally liable.
Grid Code Compliance
National grid connection requirements define what your PCS, power plant controller, and protection systems must deliver. Non-compliance blocks energisation. Requirements vary by country, voltage level, and plant capacity — and sit at the intersection of EPC delivery, equipment specification, and commissioning testing.
EU Battery Regulation (2023/1542)
The most comprehensive regulation affecting batteries placed on the EU market. Covers carbon footprint declarations, battery passport, due diligence, recycled content, producer responsibility, and end-of-life obligations. Staggered enforcement through 2036.
Cyber Resilience Act (CRA)
Product security requirements for any product with digital elements placed on the EU market. Affects BESS equipment with embedded software — BMS, EMS, PCS firmware, SCADA, monitoring platforms. Requires security by design, vulnerability handling, and SBOM.
Structured training modules on NIS2, EU Battery Regulation, and grid code compliance — on learnBESS.